Women, Welfare, and Food Selling in the Early Republic


Carolyn Zola, Research Associate, Library Company of Philadelphia Program in Early American Economy and Society

Commenter: Ellen Hartigan-O’Connor, UC Davis

This event is hybrid. 

 

Tuesday, October 6, 2026 5:00 PM - 6:15 PM EDT

 

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This paper examines the survival strategies of impoverished women in New York and Philadelphia during the early republic. Destitute women turned to two institutions for support, the Overseers of the Poor, who disbursed poor relief, and public market administrators. Local authorities allocated places for women to sell foodstuffs in markets, provided these women could prove their “honest sober and industrious” character. While there is a rich literature on both welfare and markets in this period, these stories are usually told separately. Narrating them together reveals the economic, social, and political claims made by these marginal women on local governments.

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